In the movie antitrust, spies from a giant software firm placed hidden cameras behind the shoulders of open-source developers to steal their source-code. Company representatives then murdered those programmers to give their company a competitive edge. This is an extreme example of drafting; one of those complex systems’ design principles. The word draft has 38 definitions on dictionary.com , but drafting here is used in the context of slipstreaming, definition #34 that states: “…ride close behind another car so as to benefit from the reduction in air pressure created behind the car ahead.” This concept is not only true for car racing or cycling, in a more abstract sense it is one of those design principles driving commonly observed behaviors in complex systems. Drafting is related to innovation, rich-get-richer, duplication-divergence, energy efficiency, and reproduction. Drafting, duplication-divergence, and rich-get-richer are directly tied to some measure of success. There is no point in duplicating a product, an agent, or a process if they are not successful. There is no point to draft behind a loser. When a product, a process or an agent in the complex environment is gaining some competitive edge, or when an agent’s fitness is increasing, which can be measured by overall proliferation or popularity, those who have the resources, the big hubs, the listeners-to-innovations, would soon create a replica and swallow the smaller innovative fish. This is different from other rich-get-richer dynamics such as followers lining-up behind a new leader trying to mimic its behavior in hopes to become a leader themselves one day, as well as be protected from potential isolation and elimination. Just like the giant software firm in antitrust, the powerful listeners “sit” right on the shoulders of the innovators to “collect” the fruits of new ideas. The web, open-source software, and the open-source movement in general, including this web-site, are changing and challenging antitrust and drafting dynamics in both social and economic networks. With few exceptions, “giving-credit-where-credit-is-due” social justice has been exercised poorly throughout human history and this may be changing. What role “drafting” will play in the future on the web? Will “drafting” increase or decrease due to the open-source movement? In economic and technological networks “drafting” is easier and faster to achieve and to be detected. In comparison, “drafting” in biological systems overlaps with the concepts of duplication-divergence, rich-get-richer, reproduction, and energy utilization making it a bit harder to define.
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Design Principles of Complex Systems by Avi Ma'ayan
As we accumulate data from across scientific disciples emerging patterns reappear. It is not just one or two forces that shape these patterns but a sizable collection of them influencing one another in a not yet well-defined order.
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Drafting in Complex Systems
- Date:
- Saturday, 02 Feb ruary 2008 - 19:51 UTC
Last updated: Saturday, 02 Feb 2008 - 19:51 UTC
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