Plant biotechnology has come a long way in establishing the facts of black box phenomena but its eyes are still blurred in negotiating the truth of secondary metabolites found in plants. Secondary metabolism ends with the rich diversity of compounds that have been fashioned by the discrete processes of evolution. Although every facet of their study has raised questions concerning their origin, interest and attentions have inevitably centered, up untill this point, on the steps in individual biosynthetic pathways to natural products rather than on the question of why particular pathways have arisen. One interesting and comparatively recent speculation is that it represents an example of evolution in progress. According to this idea the terpenoid pathways of biosynthesis, for example, provides one of the most versatile routes to compounds that are capable of transmitting information at all levels of biological evolution. It provides a reservoir of non – functional variety out of which new functional processes can emerge in the future. Bulock has suggested that this proposition is either an extremely profound insight into the mechanism of evolution at the molecular level or it is a teleological fantasy! With the advent and growing interest in bioinformatics plus a new look in biosynthetic pathways, nanotechnology is sure to enter with a new chapter to commemorate its presence in molecular form on a precisely controlled scale.